|
BACKGROUND INFORMATION:
Haemaphysalis
concinna
GENUS
|
Haemaphysalis |
| SPECIES |
cocinna |
| LOCATION |
France,
Germany, Poland, to China and Japan |
| HABITAT |
Inhabits
old forests (deer forests) |
| ACTIVITY |
From
June to October |
| LIFE
CYCLE |
Three
host tick |
| MATING
HABIT |
On
host in April |
| |
Males
are more numerous than females |
| FEEDING
HABIT |
Immatures
are more numerous from June-July |
| HOSTS
|
Adults
target medium to large mammals: deer |
| |
(roe-deer),
sheep, cattle, dogs, cats, horses, men |
| |
Nymph
and Larva target small mammals, rodents, |
| |
hares,
birds,reptiles, hedgehogs and men |
| DISEASES
|
Francisella
tularensis (tularaemia), Rickettsia siberica |
| |
(Siberian
tick typhus), Virus of Russian spring- |
| |
summer
encephalitis (RSSE), and tick borne |
| |
encephalitis
(TBE) |
| SIZE |
Female:
3.0-3.8 mm |
| |
Female
engorged: 10 mm |
| |
Male:
2.8-3.3 mm |
| |
Unfed
Nymph: 1.6-1.8 mm |
| REFERENCES |
BAKER
1999, HILLYARD 1996 |
Haemaphysalis
punctata
GENUS
|
Haemaphysalis |
| SPECIES |
punctata |
| LOCATION |
Between
Spain, southern Scandinavia, |
| |
British
Isles (except Ireland and Scotland) and |
| |
to
central Asia and north Africa |
| HABITAT |
Found
in very diverse environments |
| ACTIVITY |
From
spring to summer |
| LIFE
CYCLE |
Three
host tick |
|
Cycle
can be completed in 1 year |
| |
although
it takes 2-3 years in Wales |
| MATING
HABIT |
Female
lay approximately 3000-5000 eggs |
| FEEDING
HABIT |
Bites
cause tick paralysis in sheep and cattle |
| HOSTS
|
Adults
target: deer, sheep, cattle, horses, dogs, |
| |
hedgehogs,
goats, hares,mustelids and |
| |
occasionally
attach to humans |
| |
Nymph
and Larva target small mammals, birds |
| |
(crows,
starling, sparrow…) and lizards |
| DISEASES
|
Rickettsia
slovaca, Francisella tularensis |
| |
(tularaemia),
Coxiella burnetii (Q fever), |
| |
Brucella
spp., Theileria mutans, T. ovis, T. recondite,
|
| |
Babesiamajor,
B. Motasi, Anaplasma mesaeterum, |
| |
tick
borne encephalitis (TBE), Tibec, |
| |
Crimean
Congo HaemorrhagicFever (CCHF), |
| |
Borrelia
burgdorferi (Lyme disease in Spain) |
| SIZE |
Female:
3.0-3.5 mm |
| |
Female
engorged: 10 mm |
| |
Male:
2.8-3.2 mm |
| |
Unfed
Nymph: 1.4-1.8 mm |
| REFERENCES |
BAKER
1999, HILLYARD 1996 |
Haemaphysalis inermis
GENUS
|
Haemaphysalis |
| SPECIES |
inermis |
| LOCATION |
France,
Poland, Mediterranean regions, |
| |
Balkan
Peninsular, Iran and Southern Asia |
| HABITAT |
Deciduous
and mixed forests, grasslands |
| ACTIVITY |
Found
on deer from November to April |
| LIFE
CYCLE |
Three
host tick |
| MATING
HABIT |
On
host |
| FEEDING
HABIT |
Immature
stages feed fast and drop off |
| |
(they
are hardly found in nature) |
| |
Bites
cause tick paralysis |
| HOSTS
|
Adults
target large domestic and wild |
|
mammals:
deer, sheep, cattle,horses, |
| |
dogs, hedgehogs and humans |
| |
Nymph
and Larva target small mammals, |
| |
rodents
and insectivores |
| DISEASES |
In
Poland may carry tick borne encephalitis (TBE) |
| SIZE |
Female:
2.5-3.5 mm |
| |
Female
engorged: 8 mm |
| |
Male:
2.4-3 mm |
| |
Unfed
Nymph: 1.4-1.8 mm |
| REFERENCES |
HILLYARD
1996 |
Haemaphysalis
leachi
GENUS
|
Haemaphysalis |
| SPECIES |
leachi |
| LOCATION |
Africa
|
| LIFE
CYCLE |
Three
host tick |
| MATING
HABIT |
Females
lay up to 5000 eggs |
| HOSTS
|
Dogs,
wild carnivores, rodents and humans
|
| DISEASES |
Babesia
canis, Rickettsia conorii (Boutonneuse fever),
Babesia felis |
| REFERENCES |
BAKER
1999
|
|
